Oval Gasholder

[NOTE TO EDITORS: Do not use “283 Kennington Ln” as the address for the Oval Gasholder, as that address does not point to the gasholder itself.  Because of redevelopment activity at the site, that address may point to a different building in the future.  Use the longitude and latitude of 51°29’06.4”N 0°06’50.5”W or some other set of coordinates to point to the gasholder itself.]

Some of the older sports stadiums around the world feature either unusual in-built features or eccentric neighborhoods that have developed around them over a century or more.  In London, one of the oldest sporting locations is the Oval Cricket Ground, which is more commonly called the Oval and which is currently branded as the Kia Oval.  Looming behind the stands on the north side of the cricket ground is a seemingly out-of-place gasholder (or gasometer) commonly called the Oval Gasholder.

The history of both the cricket ground and the gasholder are surprisingly intertwined.  The cricket ground was established in 1845 and was initially the home of the Surrey Cricket Club.  In that same year, the Phoenix Gas Light & Coke Company bought the waterworks on the site to the north of the cricket ground and converted their site into a gasworks.  A total of five gasholders would be erected on the site between 1847 and 1874.  The gasholder nearest the cricket ground, which would officially be designated Gasholder Number 1 but which everyone would commonly call the Oval Gasholder, was erected in 1853.  At a height of 135 feet, the Oval Gasholder was the tallest gasholder in the world when it was constructed.

The Oval Gasholder, while notably large among the United Kingdom’s Victorian-era gasholders, looks and previously operated in a very similar way to other gasholders across the United Kingdom.  The gasholder has a steel frame that surrounds a collapsible cylindrical structure that holds the gas.  When the gasholder is filled, the cylinder will expand, but as the gas is distributed by the utility to its customers, the cylinder will collapse.  Gasholders like the Oval Gasholder initially held gas created by burning coal but would later hold natural gas.

Over the decades, the steel frame of the Victorian-era gasholder has towered over the cricket ground’s north stands, providing an unusual industrial backdrop to the sporting events at the site.  At first, the venue was used for multiple sports aside from cricket, including football (soccer) and rugby, but it eventually came to be used mainly for cricket.  Most famously, starting in 1880, the Oval started hosting international matches between the Australian and England cricket teams.  These matches would soon be named “The Ashes”, and it is one of the most famous rivalries in cricket.  Going forward from the 1880s, the Oval would typically function as the home stadium for England’s cricket team.

Meanwhile, the Oval Gasholder would continue to be used for gas storage, but it would also very often be decorated with banners that would be visible from both the stadium and on television broadcasts.  However, with improvements in gas storage in the late twentieth century, gasholders like the Oval Gasholder were no longer needed.  All of the gasholders at the site north of the cricket ground were decommissioned in 2014, and almost everything at the site was slated for demolition, but the Oval Gasholder was given Grade II listed status by English Heritage, which means that the structure will be preserved.

The former gas works will be redeveloped into housing, which is direly needed in London.  This includes the construction of new apartment building inside the frame of the Oval Gasholder, and this has generated significant controversy, although similar apartment buildings have been built inside the frames of other historic gasholders.  Nonetheless, the Oval Gasholder will continue to loom in the background of international cricket games for the foreseeable future.